How does allergic rhinitis typically present?

Allergic rhinitis typically presents with symptoms that are indicative of an allergic reaction affecting the nasal passages. The hallmark symptoms include sneezing and nasal congestion, which occur due to the nasal mucosa's inflammation and swelling in response to allergens such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. Patients often experience a clear nasal discharge and may also have itchy eyes and a postnasal drip.

The presence of sneezing is usually triggered by the release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells during an allergic response, while nasal congestion occurs as a result of the swelling of the nasal lining and increased mucus production. This combination of symptoms distinguishes allergic rhinitis from other respiratory conditions.

The other choices represent symptoms related to different conditions or involve more systemic responses that are not typical for allergic rhinitis. For example, fever and chills would be more aligned with infections, while sore throat and headache might suggest a viral upper respiratory infection. Cough and wheezing could indicate asthma or bronchial irritation but are not primary symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis. Thus, sneezing and nasal congestion accurately reflect the typical clinical presentation of allergic rhinitis.