Low conjugated estriol and high inhibin A levels may indicate which anomaly?

Low levels of conjugated estriol combined with high levels of inhibin A are indicative of an increased risk for Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome. In prenatal screening, these markers are utilized, particularly in the first and second trimesters, as part of assessing fetal well-being and potential chromosomal abnormalities.

In the context of Trisomy 21, the biochemical profile often shows decreased levels of estriol, which is produced by the placenta and the fetal liver, alongside elevated levels of inhibin A, a hormone produced by placental tissues. The combination of these specific hormonal markers is significant in assessing the likelihood of chromosomal defects, especially Down syndrome, and is utilized in non-invasive prenatal testing protocols.

This interpretation helps healthcare providers identify potential abnormalities in prenatal patients and guides further diagnostic interventions or counseling based on the risk assessment derived from these biomarkers.