What are the main side effects of Isoniazid (INH)?

Isoniazid (INH) is an antibiotic commonly used to treat and prevent tuberculosis. It has a specific side effect profile that is important for healthcare providers to be aware of. The main side effects of isoniazid include vitamin B6 deficiency, hepatitis, and neuropathy.

Vitamin B6 deficiency is significant because INH inhibits the enzyme that converts the vitamin into its active form, which can lead to peripheral neuropathy. This condition can manifest as tingling, numbness, or pain in the hands and feet, and is particularly concerning for patients on long-term therapy.

Hepatitis is a serious side effect associated with isoniazid. This is especially important to monitor in patients who may have pre-existing liver conditions or those who consume alcohol, as INH can cause liver enzyme elevations, leading to hepatotoxicity.

Neuropathy occurs due to the depletion of vitamin B6, which is crucial for nerve health. The risk of developing neuropathy increases with the dosage and duration of isoniazid therapy, making it essential for healthcare professionals to monitor patients for signs of nerve damage.

Overall, understanding the prominent side effects of isoniazid helps in managing treatment plans effectively and mitigating potential complications in patients undergoing tuberculosis treatment.