What condition describes the onset of Tourette disorder following a group A strep infection?

The correct answer is PANDAS, which stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections. This condition specifically describes the onset or exacerbation of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as Tourette disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), following a streptococcal infection.

In cases of PANDAS, it is believed that the body's immune response to the streptococcus bacteria may inadvertently attack certain brain cells, leading to the development of tics and other behavioral issues. This association emphasizes the need to consider infectious triggers in young patients presenting with sudden changes in behavior or the emergence of tics.

Other choices, while relevant in the context of neurological and psychiatric disorders, do not specifically describe the link to a strep infection like PANDAS does. ADHD, reactive attachment disorder, and OCD each have distinct etiologies that do not involve an autoimmune reaction triggered by a recent strep infection, making them less applicable in this context. Understanding the unique features of PANDAS is vital for recognizing its clinical presentation and facilitating appropriate management.