What is another term for Trisomy 21?

Trisomy 21 is another term for Down's syndrome, which is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 in an individual's cells. This additional genetic material alters the developmental process, leading to the characteristic features associated with Down's syndrome, including physical traits, cognitive delays, and an increased risk for certain health issues.

Understanding the context of Trisomy 21 is essential, as it specifically refers to the trisomy involving chromosome 21. This condition is the most common chromosomal disorder related to intellectual disability and is well-known in both medical literature and the general population. Other syndromes mentioned, such as Turner's syndrome (associated with a missing X chromosome in females), Klinefelter syndrome (characterized by an extra X chromosome in males), and Edward's syndrome (which involves an extra chromosome 18), are distinct genetic conditions with different features and implications. Therefore, the identification of Down's syndrome as synonymous with Trisomy 21 highlights the relationship between genetics and the clinical presentation of this disorder.