What is considered the most common cause of cardiovascular death and disability?

Atherosclerosis is recognized as the most common cause of cardiovascular death and disability due to its role as a precursor to many significant cardiovascular events. This condition involves the buildup of plaques—composed of fat, cholesterol, and other substances—within the arterial walls, leading to a narrowing and hardening of the arteries. As a result, blood flow is restricted, prompting an increased risk of serious cardiovascular problems, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease.

Understanding the impact of atherosclerosis is crucial because it is a systemic condition that can affect various vascular territories, not just the coronary arteries. Its association with lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and smoking, contributes to its prevalence and highlights the importance of early detection and management in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. By addressing the underlying factors contributing to atherosclerosis, individuals can significantly decrease their risk of heart disease and related complications, making it a vital area of focus in preventive cardiology.