What is the common treatment regimen for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

The common treatment regimen for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) primarily focuses on the use of chemotherapy to target and eliminate malignant cells in the bone marrow and blood. The first line of treatment usually involves intensive chemotherapy regimens, often referred to as "induction therapy," which aims to achieve remission by reducing the number of leukemia cells.

In this context, the inclusion of allopurinol in the treatment plan is significant because it helps manage hyperuricemia, which can occur as a result of tumor lysis syndrome when large numbers of cancer cells are rapidly destroyed by chemotherapy. This condition can lead to elevated uric acid levels, which could complicate patient management and lead to renal impairment, so allopurinol serves as a protective measure.

Diuretics may also be used in supporting the patient if there are concerns about fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances, which can result from both the disease and its treatment. Therefore, the combination of chemotherapy, allopurinol, and diuretics reflects important aspects of managing AML and its associated complications effectively.

In contrast, while chemotherapy and radiation can be used in various cancers, radiation is not typically a standard component of AML treatment except in specific scenarios. Phlebotomy and immunotherapy are