What is the condition called when altered mental status and/or hypotension occurs along with Charcot's triad?

The condition characterized by altered mental status, hypotension, and Charcot's triad—which includes fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain—is known as Reynolds' pentad. This term specifically refers to a severe progression of cholangitis, particularly acute cholangitis, where the classic symptoms of Charcot's triad are accompanied by signs of sepsis, such as altered mental status and hypotension. The presence of Reynolds' pentad indicates a more serious condition that requires urgent intervention, often due to the potential for complications like septic shock.

Individuals experiencing this pentad often have a significant bacterial infection of the bile ducts that can lead to deterioration if not treated appropriately and promptly. Understanding this clinical scenario is vital, as it emphasizes the importance of recognizing the progression from the classic triad to the more severe pentad in practice.