What is the first treatment of choice in managing dysmenorrhea?

The first treatment of choice in managing dysmenorrhea is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Dysmenorrhea, which refers to painful menstruation, often results from excessive prostaglandin production leading to uterine contractions and pain. NSAIDs work by inhibiting the enzymes responsible for prostaglandin synthesis, thereby reducing pain and inflammation.

Using NSAIDs can provide effective relief from menstrual cramps, making them a widely recommended initial therapy. They can be taken at the onset of pain, or even preemptively, to manage symptoms. Their oral bioavailability and rapid onset of action are important factors that contribute to their effectiveness in acute pain management during menstruation.

Other treatments such as acupuncture, dietary supplements, or hormonal therapy may be effective in certain scenarios, but they are typically considered secondary options after initial NSAID treatment. Hormonal therapies, for example, can be beneficial for long-term management and for patients who have severe or persistent symptoms but require a prescription and may take longer to produce symptomatic relief compared to NSAIDs.