What is the pathologic mechanism of gout?

The pathologic mechanism of gout is primarily linked to altered purine metabolism, leading to the overproduction or reduced excretion of uric acid. When uric acid levels become elevated in the blood, it can result in the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joints and surrounding tissues. This crystallization occurs primarily in the synovial fluid, triggering an inflammatory response characterized by intense pain, swelling, and redness in the affected joints.

Gout is often associated with factors such as diet, genetics, and certain medical conditions that affect uric acid processing. The specificity of urate crystal formation in joints distinguishes gout from other forms of arthritis, as it is the inflammatory response to these crystals that causes the characteristic symptoms. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for diagnosing and treating gout effectively, with emphasis on managing uric acid levels to prevent future flares.