What is the primary goal in the management of hyaline membrane disease in preterm infants?

The primary goal in the management of hyaline membrane disease, also known as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, is to improve lung function. This condition often arises in preterm infants due to insufficient surfactant production in their immature lungs, leading to alveolar collapse and impaired gas exchange. By improving lung function, clinicians aim to enhance oxygenation and ventilation, which are critical for the survival and overall health of these vulnerable infants.

Treatments typically focus on administering exogenous surfactant and providing supportive therapies such as supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation. These interventions directly target the underlying problem of inadequate surfactant and aim to stabilize the infant's respiratory status, allowing for better oxygenation and lung expansion.

While ensuring rapid weight gain, preventing infection, and normalizing blood pressure are important aspects of overall neonatal care, they are secondary to the immediate need to address and improve lung function in the context of hyaline membrane disease.