What is the primary treatment for hyperthyroidism?

The primary treatment for hyperthyroidism is Methimazole (MMI). MMI is a thionamide medication that works by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormones, which leads to symptoms such as weight loss, increased heart rate, heat intolerance, and anxiety. By blocking the enzymatic activity of the thyroid peroxidase, Methimazole decreases the production of these hormones, helping to restore normal thyroid function and alleviate symptoms.

Additionally, MMI is often the first-line treatment option, especially for conditions like Graves’ disease, where hyperthyroidism is caused by antibody stimulation of the thyroid gland. This makes MMI a critical component of managing this condition effectively.

The other treatments listed are not appropriate for hyperthyroidism. Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism, not hyperthyroidism. Corticosteroids, while they have various uses, are not a primary treatment for hyperthyroidism. Calcium supplements are used to treat bone health issues and would not address the thyroid hormone imbalance present in hyperthyroidism.