What is the primary treatment for Polycythemia Vera?

The primary treatment for Polycythemia Vera focuses on managing the increased red blood cell mass and preventing complications such as thrombosis. Phlebotomy, which involves the removal of blood from the body, is the cornerstone of therapy as it helps to reduce the hematocrit to safer levels, thereby decreasing blood viscosity and minimizing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. This procedure is often complemented by the use of low-dose aspirin, which helps to further reduce the risk of thromboembolic events by inhibiting platelet aggregation.

While other treatment options like chemotherapy might be relevant in cases where the disease progresses or if there are severe symptoms, phlebotomy and low-dose aspirin remain the most effective and established first-line approach for managing Polycythemia Vera. This combination directly addresses the primary issue of excessive red blood cell production and its associated cardiovascular risks.