What type of bacteria are Neisseria?

Neisseria bacteria are characterized as Gram negative diplococci based on their cellular structure and staining properties. This classification indicates that Neisseria species have a spherical shape (cocci) and appear in pairs (diplococci) under the microscope. When subjected to the Gram stain, which is a differential staining technique, Neisseria will take on a pink appearance, indicating they do not retain the crystal violet dye used in the staining process. This property is characteristic of Gram negative bacteria due to their thin peptidoglycan layer and the presence of an outer membrane that contains lipopolysaccharides.

Understanding the classification of Neisseria is crucial in clinical microbiology, as these bacteria include important human pathogens, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, associated with sexually transmitted infections, and Neisseria meningitidis, known for causing meningococcal disease. Identifying the type of bacteria helps guide appropriate treatment and management strategies.