Which bacteria are most commonly associated with endometritis?

Endometritis is an inflammation of the endometrium, the inner lining of the uterus, often resulting from infections. The bacteria most commonly associated with endometritis are indeed anaerobic bacteria. These microorganisms, such as anaerobic streptococci, thrive in low-oxygen environments, which can occur in the uterine cavity, particularly after childbirth, miscarriage, or surgical procedures.

Anaerobic streptococci play a crucial role in polymicrobial infections of the endometrium. They are part of the normal flora of the human body, particularly in the vagina and gastrointestinal tract, and can overgrow or become problematic under certain conditions, leading to inflammation and infection.

While other bacteria like Escherichia coli can also contribute to endometritis, especially in cases involving urinary contamination, anaerobic organisms are more characteristic of the infections found following vaginal delivery and in postpartum cases. Recognizing the significance of anaerobic bacteria is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment of endometritis, whereby broad-spectrum antibiotics that cover anaerobic flora may be warranted.