Which brain disease by definition resolves completely with no tissue infarction?

The condition that resolves completely with no tissue infarction is a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA). A TIA occurs when there is a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain, often due to a blood clot that resolves on its own. It is characterized by the same symptoms as a stroke, such as weakness or speech difficulties, but these symptoms are temporary and resolve completely, typically within minutes to a few hours.

Unlike a stroke, which results in permanent brain damage due to tissue infarction, a TIA does not lead to lasting neurological deficits or damage. This differentiates it from chronic and progressive diseases like Alzheimer's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis, which involve degenerative changes and do not resolve. Therefore, TIAs are unique in their complete resolution without inflicting any permanent harm to brain tissue. This understanding reinforces the importance of recognizing and responding to TIA symptoms promptly, as they may indicate an increased risk for future strokes.