Which demographic is most likely diagnosed with hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism is significantly more prevalent in women, particularly in the age group of 20 to 40 years. This is primarily due to the influence of hormonal changes, which can affect thyroid function. Conditions such as Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder that leads to hyperthyroidism, is most commonly diagnosed in women during their reproductive years. The hormonal fluctuations experienced by women in this demographic can play a role in the development and exacerbation of thyroid disorders.

In contrast, the other demographics listed do not reflect the same prevalence rates associated with hyperthyroidism. Men aged 50-70 may experience thyroid issues, but they generally have lower incidences of hyperthyroidism compared to younger women. Children under 12 can have thyroid conditions, but hyperthyroidism is rare in this age group. Older adults over 65 may also experience various thyroid disorders, often being associated with hypothyroidism rather than hyperthyroidism, further indicating why the correct demographic identified is women aged 20 to 40.