Which of the following is a potential complication of Marfan syndrome?

Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the connective tissues in the body. One of the critical aspects of this syndrome is its association with various complications, particularly involving the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Spontaneous pneumothorax, which refers to the sudden collapse of a lung without an obvious cause, is indeed recognized as a potential complication of Marfan syndrome.

Individuals with Marfan syndrome may have structural abnormalities in their lungs and may exhibit a higher propensity for lung conditions due to their tall stature, chest wall deformities, and decreased lung elasticity. These factors contribute to the risk of spontaneous pneumothorax, making it a relevant complication for those affected by the syndrome.

In contrast, while heart failure can occur in the context of Marfan syndrome due to cardiovascular complications like aortic dilation or regurgitation, it is not as direct or specific to the syndrome itself as spontaneous pneumothorax. Diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis are not associated with Marfan syndrome, as they stem from different pathophysiological processes unrelated to the connective tissue issues characteristic of Marfan syndrome.