Which of the following is included in the group of cyanotic heart anomalies?

Pulmonary atresia is classified as a cyanotic heart anomaly because it directly affects the heart's ability to properly oxygenate blood. In this condition, there is a complete obstruction at the level of the pulmonary valve, which impedes blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation. As a result, oxygen-poor blood returns to the body, leading to cyanosis—an indication that the body is not receiving enough oxygen. This condition often requires surgical intervention to establish normal blood flow to the lungs.

In contrast, atrial septal defect (ASD), coarctation of the aorta, and ventricular septal defect (VSD) are generally categorized as acyanotic heart anomalies, as they typically allow for the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood without causing significant hypoxia in the body under normal circumstances. ASDs and VSDs can lead to increased blood flow to the lungs but do not usually produce cyanosis initially. Coarctation of the aorta primarily obstructs blood flow but does not typically result in cyanosis unless severe collateral circulation develops over time.