Which of the following viruses is a common cause of esophagitis?

Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus, which can be caused by various factors including infections from specific viruses. The correct answer identifies HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) and CMV (Cytomegalovirus) as common viral culprits.

Both HSV and CMV are opportunistic infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. HSV can lead to erosive esophagitis, characterized by painful swallowing and often presents in individuals with weakened immune systems. CMV esophagitis typically occurs in those with advanced immunosuppression, such as in patients with HIV/AIDS. It can present with ulcers and significant symptoms.

Understanding the context of the other choices highlights why they do not fit as common causes of esophagitis. While HIV can lead to esophagitis indirectly by lowering immune response and allowing other infections to take hold, it is not a direct cause on its own. Influenza primarily affects the respiratory system rather than causing esophageal inflammation, and hepatitis viruses mainly target the liver, not the esophagus. Thus, HSV and CMV are clearly the viruses known for causing esophagitis directly.