Which two scrotal masses are known to transilluminate?

The correct answer is that hydrocele and spermatocele are the scrotal masses known to transilluminate. Transillumination is a clinical technique used during physical examination to differentiate between different types of scrotal masses based on their contents.

A hydrocele is an accumulation of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis surrounding the testis. When light is applied, the fluid-filled space allows transillumination to occur, resulting in a distinct glow, confirming the presence of the clear fluid.

Similarly, a spermatocele is a cystic formation that usually arises from the epididymis and contains spermatozoa and fluid. Like a hydrocele, a spermatocele is also filled with fluid, permitting light to pass through and exhibit transillumination.

In contrast, conditions such as varicocele and tumor do not typically transilluminate. A varicocele consists of dilated veins in the spermatic cord and is often described as a "bag of worms." Tumors can vary in composition, and many solid masses do not allow light to pass through, blocking transillumination.

Hernias contain loops of bowel or other solid structures, which similarly do not permit light to pass through. Lastly, conditions like fibrin