Which type of glaucoma is considered the most common?

Open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma, accounting for the vast majority of cases. This condition is characterized by a gradual increase in intraocular pressure due to a slow blockage of the drainage canals in the eye, which can eventually lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated. One of the significant aspects of open-angle glaucoma is that it often develops without noticeable symptoms in the early stages, making regular eye exams essential for early detection.

In contrast, other types of glaucoma, such as closed-angle glaucoma, occur less frequently and are characterized by a sudden increase in intraocular pressure due to the closure of the drainage angle. Normal tension glaucoma, while significant, occurs under normal pressure levels and has a different pathophysiology compared to the more common open-angle type. Congenital glaucoma, while important to recognize, is rare and typically diagnosed in infancy or early childhood.

Understanding the prevalence and nature of these different types of glaucoma helps in managing and educating patients about their risk factors and the importance of regular eye examinations.